A problem like stomatitis can cause significant discomfort and be the cause of serious complications. Stomatitis can manifest itself in a number of forms, differing in severity and symptoms, so it is difficult to know exactly about this disease.
In this article, we will find out what can cause stomatitis, what can be its manifestations and what is the treatment of stomatitis in adults.
What is stomatitis?
Stomatitis is the inflammatory process of the oral cavity, namely its mucous membrane. The impact of mucosal damage can spread to such areas as the tongue, palate, cheeks and lips.
Stomatitis in the scientific sense is characterized as an inflammation of the oral region affecting the thin mucous membranes on the inner surface of the oral cavity. Canker sores and herpes are classified as types of stomatitis. Recurrent ulcerative stomatitis is called recurrent aphthous stomatitis and is extremely common.
Types of stomatitis
Let’s consider the main types of diseases and their characteristic symptoms:
- Aphthous stomatitis: This type of stomatitis is characterized by the appearance of small aphthous ulcers and possible recurrences.
- Herpetic stomatitis: This type of stomatitis is caused by the herpes virus and is often accompanied by blisters on the mucous membrane that can leave ulcers.
- Bacterial stomatitis: May be accompanied by purulent discharge.
- Traumatic stomatitis: Associated with visible trauma.
- Allergic stomatitis: Associated with exposure to allergens.
- Disease-associated stomatitis: Caused by systemic diseases such as viral infections or autoimmune diseases.
For an accurate diagnosis and determination of the type of stomatitis, you should consult a dentist or other medical specialist.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of stomatitis includes determining a specific type, distinguishing it from other conditions that can cause similar symptoms. Key steps in the differential diagnosis process:
- Patient anamnesis: Collection of information about symptoms, their duration, possible risk factors (medications, systemic diseases).
- Clinical examination: Examination of the mucous membrane of the mouth for ulcers, erosions, bubbles, hyperemia.
- Laboratory studies: blood tests, smears for the determination of pathogens, allergy tests, etc.
- Exclusion of other conditions: Exclusion of systemic diseases, vitamin deficiency, hormonal disorders, etc.
- Consultations of other specialists: If necessary, consultation of an infectious disease specialist, dermatologist, etc.
Accurate diagnosis depends on the clinical case and should be carried out by qualified medical personnel. For an accurate diagnosis and determination of the type of stomatitis, you need a specialist’s consultation.
The main causes of stomatitis
The main causes of stomatitis are diverse and may include infections, allergic reactions, trauma to the oral mucosa, or acute vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Infections, usually caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi, can contribute to the development of various forms of stomatitis. Allergic stomatitis can occur as a result of interaction with allergens in food, toothpaste, or other substances.
Trauma, such as improper or rough brushing, food trauma, or other traumatic factors, can also cause inflammation of the mucous membrane. Finally, nutritional and immune disorders can affect susceptibility to stomatitis. Determining the specific cause of stomatitis is important for determining the optimal treatment plan and preventing recurrence of the disease.
How to treat stomatitis in an adult?
Treatment of stomatitis in adults usually includes a comprehensive approach aimed at alleviating symptoms and addressing the underlying cause of the disease. Topical applications of anti-inflammatory gels or oral solutions can help reduce pain and inflammation. It is important to maintain oral hygiene and avoid irritants that can aggravate the condition.
In the case of infectious stomatitis, it may be necessary to use antifungal, antiviral or antibiotic drugs. For aphthous stomatitis, antiseptic agents or special gels aimed at accelerating the healing of ulcers can be useful.
In cases of allergic stomatitis, individual identification and avoidance of allergens may be important. It is important to consult a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and development of an individual treatment plan aimed at overcoming a specific form of stomatitis and improving oral health.
If we talk about aphthous stomatitis in adults, treatment is aimed at alleviating symptoms and accelerating the healing process of ulcers on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity. It is important to note that aphthous stomatitis often goes away on its own within 1-2 weeks, but the use of some measures can alleviate the discomfort and shorten the duration of the disease.
How to quickly cure stomatitis?
First of all, you need to see a doctor quickly. It is important to find out in time whether you really have encountered stomatitis and what the depth of the problem is. Next, depending on the problem and its depth, you will receive the prescribed treatment and it will be important for you to stick to this plan. At the same time, the form and speed of treatment will depend on the form of stomatitis.
Stomatitis: treatment at home
The best advice in the case of stomatitis would be to consult a qualified doctor, however, there are a number of measures that can be aimed at reducing pain, inflammation and speeding up the healing process of ulcers in the oral cavity.
It is important to consider that some forms of stomatitis may require a doctor’s consultation, and self-treatment may be effective only for milder cases. Here are some recommendations for treating stomatitis at home:
- Rinsing:
- Salt or baking soda solution: Mix a teaspoon of salt or baking soda in a glass of warm water and use as a mouth rinse. This can help reduce inflammation and relieve pain.
- Herbal tea: Try gargling with herbal teas such as bilberry, sage, or St. John’s wort.
2. Local means:
- Ulcer gels or sprays: Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving products can help reduce discomfort.
3. Antiseptic means:
- Hydrogen peroxide or chlorhexidine solution: Using these solutions can help keep the mouth clean and prevent bacterial complications.
Prevention of stomatitis
The main thing in the prevention of stomatitis is the maintenance of both the general state of health and the specific health of the oral cavity. Effective prevention of stomatitis includes a number of measures aimed at preserving oral health and preventing inflammation of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity.
Regular and correct oral hygiene is a key element. This includes brushing twice a day with a soft toothbrush and using fluoride toothpaste.
Regular visits to the dentist for preventive examinations and professional cleaning help to avoid the development of diseases. Avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol consumption also contributes to overall oral health.
It is important to avoid traumatic situations for the oral cavity, avoid excessive consumption of spicy or acidic foods, which can irritate the mucous membrane. And, of course, a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals contributes to the general strengthening of immunity and supports the health of the oral cavity.